区分这几个英语单词
demand
de.mand
[dI`m?nd; diˋmɑ:nd]
《源自拉丁文“托付”的意思》
及物动词
1 要求
同义字
demand 根据命令、权力要求
claim 要求某些事物为自己当然的权利
a. 要求
A mugger ~ed the tourist's money.
强盗向那位观光客索取金钱
b. [向人]要求…,要求[某人]…[of, from]
He ~ed an apology from me.
他要我向他道歉
She ~ed too high a price of him.
她向他索价太高
c. 要求<做…>
The sentry sharply ~ed to know why I was there.
那名哨兵厉声诘问为什么我会在那里
d. 要求
She ~ed that we let her in.
她要求我们让她进来
e. 要求说…
"Give me money, " he ~ed.
他要求说“给我钱”
2 a. 要求说出…
The policeman ~ed my name and address.
那位警察要我说出名字与住址
b. 诘问…
"Where are you going?" he ~ed.
他诘问:“你要去哪里?”
3 <事物>需要…
Keeping a diary ~s patience.
写日记需要耐心
The matter ~s great caution.
那件事需要很谨慎
名词
1 (C)
a. 要求,请求; 强求[for][on, upon]
a ~ for higher wages
要求更高的工资
meet a person's ~s
答应某人的要求
make a ~ for money on [upon] a person
向某人硬要钱
b. <…的>要求
The company refused the workers' ~ that their wages (should) be raised.
公司拒绝了工人提高工资的要求
2 [用单数]需求,销路
supply and ~=~ and supply
供应与需求 [供需]
meet public ~
满足大众的需求
There is a great [a poor, little] ~ for this article.
这项物品的需求量很大 [很小]
3 [~s] [对人等的] (不得已的) 要求; 成为必要 [负担] (的东西) [on]
Keeping a diary makes great ~s on my time.
写日记占了我很多时间
in demand
有需要,销路好
Interpreters were in great ~ for the Olympics.
奥运会需要很多的口译人员
These goods are in little ~.
这些商品的需求量小
This type of machine is much [not much] in ~.
这一型机器的需求量大 [不大]
on demand
来取即付
require
re.quire
[rI`kwaIr; riˋkwai?]
及物动词
1 需要
a. 需要<某事>
The matter ~s utmost care.
此事处理需要极度慎重
b. 有必要…,需要…
The young seedlings ~ looking after carefully.
这些幼苗需要小心照顾 [培育]
c. <情势等> 需要…
The situation ~s that this (should) be done immediately. (.
当前的) 形势要求这件事必须立刻办成
(当务之急是要把这件事办成)
2 要求
(
→demand同义字)
a. (作为权利、凭权力) 要求; <法律、规则等> 要求,命令
Your presence is urgently ~d.
你务必出席 [在场]
He has done all that is ~d by the law.
凡是法律所要求的事,他都执行了
b. [向人]要求…[of, from]
We will do all that is ~d of us.
凡是向我们要求的事我们都会做到 [我们有求必应]
He ~d some more information from me.
他要求我提供更多情报
c. 要求<人>…,命令
He was ~d to report to the police.
他被警方传讯
d. 命令…,要求…
The court ~d that I (should) appear.
法院要求我出庭
不及物动词
<法律等>要求,命令
request
re.quest
[rI`kwZst; riˋkw?st]
及物动词
恳求
a. 恳求<事物>,拜托
~ a person's presence
恳请某人出席
as ~ed
依照请求
We ~ the honor [pleasure] of your company.
敬请光临
b. [向人、银行等] 要求<事物>,申请,请求[of, from]
~ a loan from a bank
向银行申请贷款
What I ~ of them is that they should keep it secret.
我请求他们的是,这件事要保密
c. 请求…,拜托…
I ~ to be informed of the current state of affairs.
我请求让我知悉当前的情势
d. 拜托<人>…,请求,央求
I must ~ you to hold your tongue.
请保持肃静
You are kindly ~ed to fasten your seat belts.
敬请系上安全带
e. 拜托,请求,央求[人]…[of]
He ~ed that the error (should) be corrected.
他请求改正那项错误
He ~ed of his guests that they (should) sit down.
他请他的客人坐下
(◆{用法}(口语)常不用 should)
名词
1a. 请求,要求,恳求
We made a ~ to them for the information.
我们请求他们提供信息
b. 请求,要求
I granted his earnest ~ that his son (should) join our club.
我答应了他希望他儿子加入我们俱乐部的诚?登肭?n2 (C)
a. 请求[要求]的事物,需要品; 拜托的信,请愿书
b. (听众的) 点唱 [点奏] (曲)
play ~s
演奏点奏曲
3 (U)需求
This article is in (great) ~.
这项物品需求量很大
Mr. Johnson was very much in ~ as a lecturer.
各校纷纷邀请詹森先生讲课
at a person's request= at the request of a person
应允某人的请求
I did so at your ~.
我是应你的请求才这样做
by[at]request
应允请求; 有请求时
Buses stop here only by ~.
巴士只有在 (乘客) 要求 [招呼] 时才在这里停车
on[upon]request
若提出请求,若有 [承] 索取
It is available on ~ to this office.
向本办事处索取即可取得
permit
per.mit
[pL`mIt; p?ˋmit]
《源自拉丁文“让…通过”的意思》(per.mit.ted; per.mit.ting)
及物动词
1 允许,准许
[(表示同意、许可)
(
→ let同义字)
a. 允许,准许
The sale of the drug is ~ted in this country.
该药获准在这个国家销售
b. 容许<做…>,允许
Smoking is not permitted here.
此处禁止 [不准] 吸烟
My work does not ~ my calling on you.
我的工作使我无法 [不容许我] 去拜访你
c. 允许<某人>…,容许
Will you ~ me a few words?.
容许我说几句话好吗?
d. 容许<某人><做…>,允许
(cf. 1 b)
Father doesn't ~ us to go to parties.
父亲不许我们参加聚会
e. 允许…进入 (…里面) [出外]
The doctor won't ~ me out (of the house).
医师将不允许我出 (屋) 外
2 给与…机会,有…的余地
His words hardly ~ doubt.
他的话几乎不容置疑
不及物动词
1 <事情>许可,容许,成为可能
if circumstances ~
如果环境[情况]许可,如果方便
weather permitting
如果天气好
2 <事情>容许[…],有[…的]余地[of]
The situation ~s of no delay.
情势 [事态] 不容许担搁 [刻不容缓]
(`pVmIt, pL`mIt; 5pE:mit]
可数名词
许可证,执照
a parking ~
停车许可证
allow
al.low
[?`laJ; ?ˋlau]
及物动词
1 允许
(
→ let同义字)
a. 允许,准许,许可; 允许…进入
I cannot ~ such conduct.
我不能容许这种行为
No animals ~ed.
‘告示’禁止动物进入
b. 允许<做…>
No smoking is ~ed in this Hospitl.
这医院禁烟
c. 允许<人> (往…之方向)
The doorman ~ed me in. (.
在大厦等) 管理员准许我入内
We are ~ed into the White House.
我们被允许进入白宫
d. 允许,让<人、物>做…
The teacher ~ed the susam to be absent.
老师准许苏珊请假
A~ me to introduce Mr. Johnson to you.
让我把强生先生介绍给您
e. 使<人>能够…
The money ~ed him to go abroad.
那笔钱使他能够出国
2 a. 给与<人> <金钱、时间> ; 给与[人] <金钱、时间> [to]
Harry ~s his mother 500 dollers a month.
哈利每个月给妈妈500美元
b. [~ oneself]沉溺于…,热中…,耽于…
He doesn't ~ himself any cigarettes.
他在戒烟
c. [对存款] 付<利息>[on]
What interest is ~ed on fixed deposits?.
定期存款的利息是多少?
3
a. 酌留 <费用、时间等> [供…] [for]
~ 800 dollers for expenses
酌留800美元做为经费
We must ~ an hour for changing trains.
我们必须酌留一小时以便换车
b. [给…]扣除 <金额等> ,[对…]给予…折扣[for]
We can ~ (up to) 20 percent for cash payment.
我们收现款可以打八折
4 a. 承认,准许,同意 <要求、主张等>
The judge ~ed his claim.
法官准许他的请求
The facts do not ~ such an interpretation.
这些事实不容作此种解释
b. 承认<…一事>
We must ~ that it is true.
我们得承认那是真的(cf. 4c)
c. 承认…<为…>
We must ~ him to be a genius.
我们必须承认他是天才.
不及物动词
1 a. 斟酌 [情形等] ,考虑,体谅[for]
We must ~ for delays caused by bad weather.
我们必须考虑到因坏天气所造成的延误
She made the dress larger to ~ for shrinking when it was washed.
她考虑衣服洗后会缩水,把它做大些
b. 考虑 [某人…] [for]
We must ~ for jhim [his] being late.
我们必须考虑到他会迟到的可能性
2 <事物>容许 [… (的存在) ] ,有[…的]余地[of]
The question ~s of no dispute.
这问题毫无争论的余地